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KMID : 0372919980190060595
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Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
1998 Volume.19 No. 6 p.595 ~ p.602
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Development of a Frequency Dependent Type Apex Locator with Automatic Compensation
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Kim Deok-Won
Lee Seung-Jong
Nam Gi-Chang
Kim Yeong-Ju
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Abstract
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Among the apex locators, the frequency dependent type is more accurate and convenient to use than others, But the accuracy of the apex locator is still influenced by the presence of various electrolytes used in root canal treatments. In this study, we have developed a frequency dependent electronic apex locator minimizing the influence of the electrolytes on the measurement of root canal lengths. It was also confirmed that two frequencies of 500Hz and 100kHz are optimal for the measuring impedance compare with commercial product used(400Hz and 8kHz)a and there were no differences in accuracy among the three different types of the waveforms; sinusoidal, triangular, and rectangular waves(p>0.05). Impedance ratio of the two different frequencies represents the position of the file in root canal, and the voltage difference of two signals represents the status of the fluid in the root canal. As a result of compensation using the voltage differences, the errors were decreased on the average from +0.54mm to +0.18mm in solution (p<0.01), and from -0.33mm to -0.01mm in NaOCl solution(p<0.01). The accuracies based on 0.5mm, in and NaOCl solutions were improved with the automatic compensation from 71.1% and 91.1% to 82.2% and 100% respectively.
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KEYWORD
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Root canal, Endodontic therapy, Impedance, Apex locator, Frequency dependent, Electrolyte compensation
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